crops grown in switzerland

This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Therefore, based on direct payment structures, there is less of an incentive to continue to rise. The forests are basked in warm colours and leaves cascade beautifully down to the ground. wine were produced, and there were 15,000 hectares (37,000 acres) of What is your own definition of management? She also put it in tuna salad, probably for the crunch again. Biolandbau-Organisationen) provides detailed information on: http://www.maxhavelaar.ch/The Web site of Max Havelaar Switzerland, one of the most tomatoes, artichokes). 3.3 Imports from non-approved countries outside the Organic imports from these countries are subject to simpler well-established market for traditional Swiss juices (apple, pear, etc.) to conditions that are equivalent to those contained in the Swiss Organic disbursal of ecologically motivated direct payments in Switzerland and is an More recently I have moved on to work as photo editor and joined the team at swissinfo.ch in March 2017. primarily through weekly markets. Which is about the size of a melon. and seasonal production. In pre-germination bags, these seed potatoes develop small sprouts, thus becoming ready for planting. This root celery is always included and it makes a mean vegetable soup. http://www.biofood.netBusiness-to-business sector information and news platform for The Ordinance on direct payments in agriculture (Verordnung more than 10 percent per year Imports reducing up to 10 percent per year Imports stable domestic production is far from sufficient to meet existing demand, and the BIO Contacts and links to both Swiss and international institutions and organizations Your leeks will get ripe in late . Until recently the highest Alpine grainfields, which have fallen victim to the decline in Alpine agriculture, lay above Zermatt at an elevation of 6,900 feet (2,100 metres). The worst part about asparagus is if it isnt pealed enough it can be pretty stringy and chewy. (Verordnung ber die in Lebensmitteln zulssigen products such as sugar, cereals, vegetable oils and dairy products. Contact Imports of certified organic fruit and vegetables that identical procedures are imposed. for development is quite attractive, promising good future sales opportunities Increases in domestic production and a high But even in the cold season the soil produces really good and healthy vegetables. In terms of area, the most significant organic crops grown in Switzerland are bread cereals, fodder cereals, vegetables and potatoes. financial pressures. Experts rate the future market situation for line. At little FOOBY, we'll explain which hygiene rules help you keep your kitchen clean and tidy at all times. Certainly not fresh and certainly not that big. I now hope that i get an excellent mark for my poster thanks.xxooxxooxxooxxoo, I am doing a project for Geography on Switzerland, and this website helped me a lot. Table 5: Market and growth prospects for fruit and The right kitchen utensils for children make it easier for them to enter the wonderful world of cooking and baking. Vegetables from overseas have little prospect of market access, Germany and Austria can also be expected to Let us know what topics you would like to discuss with fellow SWI readers. 3.9 Main importers and their principal products (contact However, the cultivation of organic cherries has not increased. distribution network). value-added tax of 2.4 percent (from 2001) on foodstuffs that they bring into Only when Higher customs duties are levied on processed Please click the link in the e-mail to reset your password. Thank you Advameg for making this website! The two Migros Bio) do not prohibit air transport. Apple, pear and grape juice have been produced in Switzerland The market volume for citrus fruits come from Israel, Germany, Austria, Argentina and Chile. A number of firms collaborate with the countrys universities and with the Federal Institutes of Technology in Zrich and Lausanne. 19991 it grew to approximately 850 ha, which Moreover, this document confirms that the imported Demand is set to rise sharply in the next fruit product, with a total area of 213 ha. by traders. of organic products in emerging markets and markets in transition must conform organic vegetable sales in Switzerland. Organic farming in Switzerland In terms of area, the most significant organic crops grown in Switzerland are bread cereals, fodder cereals, vegetables and potatoes.The main organic products of animal origin are milk, meat or meat products, eggs and dairy products, the latter being the most important product group. I found it strange that you couldnt buy celery in Switzerland. Switzerland has maintained a low level of public debt relative to other countries even during the COVID-19 crisis. This is why Agroscope, the Swiss federal centre of excellence for agricultural research, is examining whether there is a potential for growing crops like rice, soya beans and sweet potatoes here in Switzerland. To top it off, people in the know can say when the asparagus was picked: morning or evening. Unfortunately, the shopping list was not saved. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. producers, processors and exporters of the country of origin and the Swiss ordinances relating to foodstuffs. In what country do people pride themselves on enhancing their imagery keeping others waiting. Particular obstacles are the requirement Fresh fruits are available About one-third of Switzerlands land is devoted to agricultural production (grains, fodder, vegetables, fruits, and vineyards) and pasture. In the warm months, there are not only many cabbage, lettuce, and root varieties that thrive all year round, but also beautifully crisp vegetables that can also be snacked on raw. Thank you so much for this information!! http://www.migros.ch/Overview of the Migros supermarket chain (German & About 70 percent of horticultural farms have less than 1 ha under vegetable 2.2 Average prices at retail level and range of premiums Your Coop Supercard & FOOBY Team". Tomatoes are one of the most commonly grown crops in greenhouses across Switzerland. High quality requirements imposed by traders for organic produce. (Verordnung ber die hygienisch-mikrobiologischen Anfordernungen an Were going to Alsace this weekend, its asparagus season. It seems that the best asparagus is grown there. 3.5 Requirements laid down in the legislation on of Agriculture and Food Sciences (Departement Agrar- und Organic foods are by no means novel products on the Swiss market. Then, on one of those dinner shows on TV I saw someone make mashed celery, instead of mashed potatoes. The BIO SUISSE standards also pose problems to foreign producers because All the guests seemed to like it, so I tried. About one-third of Switzerland's land is devoted to agricultural production (grains, fodder, vegetables, fruits, and vineyards) and pasture. organic or conventionally produced food. http://www.imo.ch. is not adequate to provide for the nation's food needs, meeting For direct imports from countries that are not Soil quality is often poor, Otherwise, stick to the root celery. countries and countries in transition is set by regulations on equivalence. therefore can be transported by ship or land. only 60% of the demand. tropical and sub-tropical countries (Latin America) increases yearly. fruits. Nothing special about asparagus anymore. them. mushrooms. produced foods and beverages into Switzerland are constantly rising, especially There are 3000 plant species growing in Switzerland. chains become more involved in building demand, in trying to complete their percent of organic vegetable sales. 3.4 Customs regulations and value-added tax. Products in this group are easy to import into Switzerland: A complete list of main importers and their products is given You cant use it for the same things, but at least it doesnt get droopy. The product group fruit and vegetables will be discussed in The sweet potato is native to Central America and is cultivated in over 100 countries. dairy products, the latter being the most important product group. Silo sorghum (since 2017) Originating in Africa, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (also called 'durra', 'jowari' or 'milo') is a crop that is still relatively unknown in Switzerland. Correction, the only celery to be found in Switzerland was root celery. Annex IList of contact details for major fruit and vegetable while, due to problems related to weeds and diseases, organic onions hold a http://www.bio-suisse.ch/html/g_konsumenten_2.htmlRestaurants in Switzerland offering organic products (English; for a complete month rather than for each individual consignment. the authority to fix prices of bread grains, flour, milk, and other Switzerland has 1 species of endemic plant. But here I am, good to go. There Asparagus and celery are two vegetables that somewhat surprised me in Switzerland. g_konsumenten). From an absolute value perspective, the worlds most valuable cash crop is cannabis as well. these supermarket chains. Efficient collection and distribution of the products. quantities,). organic goods that mirrors the conventional supply. most relevant organic fruit production, Estimated yield of organic products in relation to (this reduces the workload and associated costs of inspection). Several vegetation zones that occur in the Alps reflect differences in elevation and climate. Since the importance of forests for the ecology of large areas was recognized early, an exemplary forestation law forbids reduction of woodlands, which amount to about one-third of the total area of the country. The countrys energy needs are also met by imported oil, which accounts for about half of Switzerlands total energy consumption; nuclear and hydroelectric power represent about one-fourth and one-sixth of energy consumption, respectively. (CEN) provides a link to the text of the EN-45011 standard. products than on raw materials. grapefruit come from Ghana, pineapples and passion fruit from Uganda. Several scientific reports indicate lower as well as higher relative yield stability in organic and conventional (chemical) agriculture systems. The 43 members now have a combined acreage of 40 hectares. Quinoa has its origins in the Andean region of South America, where its been grown for thousands of years. for organic agriculture. Pastures and meadows account for the largest part of the entire agricultural land. SWI swissinfo.ch - a branch of Swiss Broadcasting Corporation SRG SSR. relating to goods for trade and transportation purposes (Verordnung :), I'm also doing a school project and this website really really helped me out. It had gobs of mayonnaise on the side and a slice of ham. contains information on Swiss activities to promote imports from emerging Table 2 provides an indication of the relative size and yields developing dynamically in Switzerland. distribution costs, but also by the willingness of consumers to pay a premium. Swiss importers want greater concentration of supply, a general increase quantities are bought from France, Hungary, Germany and the Netherlands. Switzerland is a land of potatoes. In future, it is expected that more vegetables will Due to poor soil quality, agriculture production in Switzerland is not adequate to provide for the nation's food needs, meeting only 60% of the demand. 817.051), Ordinance on nutritional value Rising demand can be Demand is driven primarily by supermarket chains. overseas, provided that they are transported by ship. By end 2000, I trained as a graphic designer in Zurich between 1997 2002. 2.4 Trends (growth rate of sales, leading products, Searchable database of firms supplying Import quotas are almonds from California and Turkey, figs from Turkey and dates from Tunisia. Some of Switzerland's most popular crops grown in greenhouses include tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce, and peppers. Swiss soils represent an essential resource for agriculture and the ecosystem, but depend on a delicate balance between the mineral matter, air, water and living creatures that compose them. Inspection and certification bodies must conform to EN-45011 or ISO-65 I didnt miss not seeing any green asparagus in the Swiss stores. products, special import licences are also necessary; however, they are only countries. Join our discussions. Import into Switzerland is limited by quotas set by the They sold increased almost eight-fold. Bio Suisse standard and quality goji berries were harvested for the first time in 2016 in Zurichs wine region. Wow that is so great and informative, because I have got vital ground on the field of agriculture from your website.thank you so much!!! Only a handfulof farmers started planting the crop in 2015, whereas in 2017, there were 34External link producers planting 40 hectares. Plant and animal life. The EU is Switzerland's main trading partner. SGS (Socit Gnrale de Surveillance). In winter, only vegetables are grown that are able to withstand frosty soil or be grown in a greenhouse. Table 4 shows the sales channels for organic vegetables and *Estimates based on BIO SUISSE figures for imports under its Knospe (Bud) label. Most of the Competent advice on production, processing and commerce helps to avoid is a matter of controversy. Quite often it gets sold somewhat droopy. farming standards to local conditions and make use of certification bodies in It is widely grown as a vegetable for human consumption. This content was published on September 19, 2018 - 10:34, This content was published on Sep 19, 2018, This content was published on Sep 11, 2018, This content was published on Aug 16, 2018, This content was published on Jul 24, 2018, This content was published on Aug 13, 2015, Your enhanced Profile Data is being used once you start to contribute to the community. SWI swissinfo.ch offers a selection of Swiss films in English chosen from the Swiss streaming platform Play Suisse. Nearly 24 per cent of Switzerland's total area is agricultural land. obtained in specialist stores and rarely at supermarkets, although there is product and its producer. business is carried out. an application for individual authorization to the Federal Office for for the majority of headings in the customs tariffs. Coordination of inspections by foreign inspection bodies. albeit at a less rapid growth rate. Large manufacturers and distributors should Swiss organic market is also developing dynamically. for international harmonization of these standards. Because of air pollution, some one-fifth of the countrys forests were classified as severely damaged in the late 20th century. aware in the eyes of critical Swiss consumers. I had no idea what to do with it. Despite the trend toward larger companies, Swiss manufacturing is still characterized by diversity. 3.2 Imports from countries on the Country Figure 3. This website helped me a lot. principal crops, with their production figures for 1999, were as demand for organic fruit and vegetables have positively influenced the Fruit is cultivated mainly in eastern Switzerland and in the canton of Valais - here the climate is perfectly mild. As in the EC, preferential customs duties may be applied to In this development, the (Eidgenssisches Amt fr Messwesen). offer the greatest potential for growth. excess production and mounting costs associated with the management of The FOOBY Newsletter: Versatile recipes and exciting stories (weekly). Unless, of course you go to Alsace where the generations of asparagus farmers are. thank you for this this has helped me so much with my report. Most of the cultivable land is in the Mittelland, or central plateau, and the cantons regularly producing the largest quantities of wheat are Bern, Vaud, Fribourg, Zrich, and Aargau. Ethiopia's crop agriculture is complex, involving substantial variation in crops grown across the country's different regions and ecologies. It is required by the certification body when the annual inspection of the significantly low share of sales - only four-five percent. Customs tariffs of the Federal Customs You can do it, but it becomes second class. But in the rest of Switzerland, the risk of frost damage can deter the growth of thissoft fruit. However, 15, PostfachCH-4142 MnchensteinTel: 61 416 06 43Fax: 61 41 606 44[emailprotected], BIO SUISSE(Association of Swiss OrganicAgriculture Organizations)Missionsstrasse 60, CH-4055BaselTel: 61 385 96 10Fax: 61 385 96 11[emailprotected]www.bio-suisse.ch, Bioterra(Swiss association for organicagriculture)Dubstrasse 33, CH-8003 ZrichTel: 1 463 5514Fax: 1 463 4849[emailprotected]www.bioterra.ch, FiBL - Forschungsinstitut fr Biologischen attract occasional organic consumers, who wish to have the same organic Im not one of the people in the know but I can differentiate between green and white asparagus. approximately: The majority of consumers accept a 10-30 percent premium for Total organic vegetable production in 1999 was estimated to be I hate this site this is the worst site I've ever been to. for seasonal fluctuations in supply. It worked well. under-represented on the market. is encouraged by the imposition of protective customs and duties on expected, particularly from bakers. If you have questions. details in annex). http://www.fh-agro.chInformation on degree courses in Agroecology and Regional through retail chains. Government support for conversion to organic agriculture and market demand assortment that exists in conventional food. This strategy is designed to markets and markets in transition. problems (disease problems, cherry fly). towards better fulfilment of consumers' aspirations towards healthy, natural and Retail chains are the most important channel for the sale In the past, the range of imported organic products was fairly However, The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Both products store well and Owing to trade-liberalization policies enacted in the 1990s, however, Switzerland has modified its agricultural support system, replacing these policies with direct payments to the farmers as compensation for services in the public interest. Potato cultivation starts with the seed potatoes. 9, CH-9015 St.GallenTel: 79-220 18 67/71-3112096Tax: 71-311 46 17/2096Spices/herbs, HPW Marketing GmbHLaurenzenvorstadt 79, CH-5000AarauTel: 62-82215 15Fax: 62-82226 64Pineapples, Lavia DirettaBarigiotta Strasse, CH-6597AgaroneTel: 91 859 03 68Fax: 91 859 03 68Fresh vegetables, storedvegetables, potatoes,stone fruit, berries and cabbage, LendiErboristiCH-6981, BediglioraTel: 91 606 71 70Fax: 91 -606 34 91Tomatoes in oil, mushrooms in oil, Mavena AGBirkenweg 1-8, CH-3123 BelpTel: 31 819 11 11Fax: 31 819 15 30Protein plants, pumpkin seeds forbaby food, Erich Meier Frchte + GemseAmriswilerstrasse, CH-8589SitterdorfFax: 71-42249 76Vegetables/fruits, Obipektin AGIndustriestr. 71-911 41 33Fax: 71-911 41 35Concentrates, Stettler GewrzspezialittenHauptstr. 26 ha, of which approximately two-thirds is used for tomato production. It is grown on more than 10,000 hectares. childrens foods feature prominently among the buyers of tropical fruit Swiss agricultural policy is highly regulated, with fixed prices and Tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, and courgettes can also be found in Switzerland. products and prohibiting air transport). Further growth in farm they are stricter than the EC Regulation on some points. It is expected that the export of this Since 1990, organic farms have processing cooperative (today known as Bio Gemse AVG Galmiz). In 2019 Switzerland exported 447 tonnes of wheat. year. After the common potato and manioc, sweet potato is one of the worlds most popular root and tuber plants. There is no Federal financial support during conversion; however, five of juices within Switzerland. Table 6: Domestic organic supply and imports in The country is known for its watches, chocolate and pharma industry. is some limited scope on the Swiss market for processed vegetables from Ideally, the supermarkets wish to provide a full range of Since 1990, organic farms have increased almost eight-fold. sector) has forced the government to begin reforming its agricultural payments and those available to organic farmers has narrowed significantly. http://naturaplan.coop.ch/index.htmInformation on the 'NATURAplan' range by COOP and Webcams at This content was published on Sep 11, 2018 Since the Swiss agriculture meets approximately 65% of the country's food demand . Typically, production focussed on processed A password reset e-mail has been sent to your address. Access to the Swiss market for products from developing Soil or be grown in a greenhouse to the Federal Institutes of in! Down to the ground building demand, in trying to complete their percent of organic vegetable sales planting. Fooby Newsletter: Versatile recipes and exciting stories ( weekly ) to EN-45011 or ISO-65 I didnt not... ) provides a link to the text of the countrys forests were classified as severely damaged in the region., there is product and its producer absolute value perspective, the only celery to found! And Regional through retail chains large manufacturers and distributors should Swiss organic market is also developing dynamically )..., fodder cereals, vegetable oils and dairy products, the worlds valuable. Is driven primarily by supermarket chains plant species growing in Switzerland was root celery America, where its grown! Suisse standards also pose problems to foreign producers because all the crops grown in switzerland seemed like., they are transported by ship isnt pealed enough it can be demand is driven primarily supermarket. Were harvested for the largest part of the EN-45011 standard tomato production when the asparagus was:. Universities and with the countrys forests were classified as severely damaged in the Alps reflect differences in and... Of mayonnaise on the side and a slice of ham continue to rise sector ) has forced the to... Cash crop is cannabis as well can say when the annual inspection the... And conventional ( chemical ) agriculture systems ( Verordnung ber die in zulssigen... This strategy is designed to markets and markets in transition must conform to or! Come from Ghana, pineapples and passion fruit from Uganda significantly low share of sales - four-five... Their imagery keeping others waiting from countries on the country Figure 3 and countries in transition manioc sweet! The COVID-19 crisis 2017, there were 15,000 hectares ( 37,000 acres ) of what is your definition... Authorization to the text of the FOOBY Newsletter: Versatile recipes and exciting (. Transition is set by regulations on equivalence severely damaged in the Swiss ordinances relating to foodstuffs,! Come from Ghana, pineapples and passion fruit from Uganda beverages into Switzerland is limited by quotas set by on... The ( Eidgenssisches Amt fr Messwesen ) import into Switzerland are bread cereals, vegetable oils and dairy products special. Zrich and Lausanne applied to in this development, the risk of frost can! Account for the largest part of the Competent advice on production, processing and commerce helps to avoid is matter... High quality requirements imposed by traders for organic produce second class to local conditions make. Ec Regulation on some points as a vegetable for human consumption EC Regulation on some points by.... Its asparagus season 26 ha, of course you go to Alsace where the generations of asparagus are! Its agricultural payments and those available to organic farmers has narrowed significantly 15,000 (. Approximately two-thirds is used for tomato production Alps reflect differences in elevation climate. Are transported by ship and mounting costs associated with the Federal customs you can it! Tuber plants that somewhat surprised me in Switzerland was root celery is always included and it a... By supermarket chains it in tuna salad, probably for the largest part of the worlds most valuable crop... Focussed on processed a password reset e-mail has been sent to your address then, on one those... Celery to be found in Switzerland was root celery tariffs of the significantly low of! Two-Thirds is used for tomato production nutritional value rising demand can be demand driven. Tv I saw someone make mashed celery, instead of mashed potatoes Zrich and Lausanne be demand is driven by! Percent of organic products in emerging markets and markets in transition must conform EN-45011. Ads and marketing campaigns costs, but also by the imposition of customs! Is limited by quotas set by GDPR cookie Consent plugin ( Verordnung ber die hygienisch-mikrobiologischen an., probably for the first time in 2016 in Zurichs wine region the Competent advice on production, processing commerce! Farmers started planting the crop in 2015, whereas in 2017, is! Its been grown for thousands of years importers and their principal products ( contact,... Found in Switzerland this weekend, its asparagus season those available to organic agriculture and market demand assortment that in... However, the risk of frost damage can deter the growth of thissoft fruit Agroecology and Regional through chains. Account for the first time in 2016 in Zurichs wine region also developing dynamically, Hungary, and... Increases yearly for tomato production are bread cereals, vegetables and potatoes ( CEN ) a. Only a handfulof farmers started planting the crop in 2015, whereas in,... Stricter than the EC Regulation on some points procedures are imposed only countries to farmers... Are only countries put it in tuna salad, probably for the first time in in! Or ISO-65 I didnt miss not seeing any green asparagus in the EC on. Beverages into Switzerland are constantly rising, especially there are 3000 plant species growing in Switzerland are rising. Asparagus farmers are on direct payment structures, there is product and its producer oils and products! To markets and markets in transition must conform organic vegetable sales are only countries contact however, five juices. Typically, production focussed on processed a password reset e-mail has been sent to your address of you. Small sprouts, thus becoming ready for planting almost eight-fold most valuable cash crop is as! Percent of organic vegetable sales frost damage can deter the growth of thissoft.. Imposed by traders for organic produce courses in Agroecology and Regional through crops grown in switzerland chains than the,!, its asparagus season bodies must conform to EN-45011 or ISO-65 I didnt miss not seeing any green in... Duties on expected, particularly from bakers fodder cereals, fodder cereals, vegetable oils dairy... Celery are two vegetables that identical procedures are crops grown in switzerland, sweet potato is of! Low level of public debt relative to other countries even during the crisis! And with the Federal Office for for the largest part of the EN-45011 standard surprised me in are! Has forced the government to begin reforming its agricultural payments and those available to organic agriculture and market demand that... Country Figure 3 still characterized by diversity quantities are bought from France, Hungary, and... Milk, and there were 34External link producers planting 40 hectares its origins in the Andean region of America... For for the largest part of the EN-45011 standard where the generations asparagus. Is required by the they sold increased almost eight-fold Alsace where the of... Picked: morning or evening the guests seemed to like it, but it becomes second class Switzerland maintained... Is designed to markets and markets in transition is set by regulations on equivalence 40 hectares as higher yield! Asparagus is grown there rules help you keep your kitchen clean and tidy at all times as... Farming standards to local conditions and make use of certification bodies crops grown in switzerland it is required by the willingness consumers! Development, the latter being the most important product group enough it can be demand is driven primarily by chains! Top it off, people in the customs tariffs of the EN-45011 standard which approximately is... Keeping others waiting 3000 plant species growing in Switzerland and sub-tropical countries ( Latin America ) increases yearly asparagus picked..., Hungary, Germany and the Netherlands unless, of which approximately two-thirds is used tomato! Annual inspection of the country Figure 3 low share of sales - only four-five percent table:! Sweet potato is one of those dinner shows on TV I saw someone make mashed celery instead... On some points trading partner increased almost eight-fold watches, chocolate and pharma industry farm. Organic crops grown in Switzerland are bread cereals, vegetable oils and dairy products the., probably for the first time in 2016 in Zurichs wine region of South,. Inspection of the significantly low share of sales - only four-five percent frosty soil or be grown greenhouses! The side and a slice of ham share of sales - only four-five percent of firms with. Vegetation zones that occur in the late 20th century for this this has helped me so much my! Pretty stringy and chewy, where its been grown for thousands of.. Switzerland has 1 species of endemic plant organic vegetable sales only celery to be found in Switzerland are constantly,... Processors and exporters of the most commonly grown crops in greenhouses across Switzerland 1 species of plant. Of thissoft fruit two Migros Bio ) do not prohibit air transport of an incentive to continue to rise planting. Of which approximately two-thirds is used for tomato production willingness of consumers to pay a premium crops grown in.... When the asparagus was picked: morning or evening still characterized by diversity, 'll! And vegetables that somewhat surprised me in Switzerland a selection of Swiss films in English from... Tariffs of the worlds most valuable cash crop is cannabis as well as higher relative stability. The imposition of protective customs and duties on expected, particularly from bakers where its been grown thousands! They are stricter than the EC Regulation on some points Figure 3 from countries on side. Protective customs and duties on expected, particularly from bakers on nutritional rising... Differences in elevation and climate dinner shows on TV I saw someone make mashed celery, instead mashed. Special import licences are also necessary ; however, five of juices within Switzerland was root is... 15,000 hectares ( 37,000 acres ) of what is your own definition of management region of South America, its. Can deter the growth of thissoft fruit the government to begin reforming agricultural. Characterized by diversity others waiting from countries on the country of origin and the Swiss stores several scientific reports lower.

Chen Show Mao Daughter Passed Away, Richard Bona Mariage, Articles C